Uwanyuze mu ishuri wese azi ko umwarimu akenera imfashanyigisho muri buri somo, kugira ngo byorohere abo yigisha gucengera neza isomo. Ni ko bigenda mu masomo yose arimo n’ay’ubuvuzi.
Kugira ngo uwiga ubuvuzi amenye ibice by’umubiri w’umuntu, hari aho bimusaba kuva ku bishushanyo akajya ku muntu wa nyawe. Kubera ko kwifashisha umuntu muzima bigoye, amashuri atandukanye yifashisha imirambo y’abantu nyuma yo guhabwa uburenganzira.
No mu Rwanda ni ko bimeze. Muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka, Inteko Rusange y’Umutwe w’Abadepite yatoye itegeko rigena imikoreshereze y’umubiri w’umuntu n’ibiwukomokaho ku mpamvu z’ubuvuzi, kwigisha cyangwa ubuhanga.
Iri itegeko ryavuguruwe riteganya uburyo ingingo z’umuntu zikoreshwa mu kuvura. Ryavuguruwe mu kuziba ibyuho bitandukanye byari biririmo, kugira ngo imikoreshereze y’umubiri w’umuntu ihabwe umurongo, ariko n’abanyeshuri biga ibijyanye n’ubuvuzi babone imirambo ibafasha gucengera uwo mwuga.
Kuri iyi nshuro umuntu ashobora kwitangaho irage, igihe apfuye hakagira ibice by’umubiri byifashishwa mu kuvura abandi cyangwa gufasha mu bushakashatsi, umuryango na wo ushobora kuraga umuntu wabo cyangwa se ibitaro umuntu yaguyemo iyo bibonye atazwi byabimenyesheje inzego bireba, uwo murambo na wo ushobora gutangwa ukifashishwa.
Icyakora ibi byo gutanga irage ku muntu ku giti cye ntibiratangira kwitabirwa, bijyanye n’imyemerere y’Abanyarwanda bigatuma akenshi ibigo biyikenera mu Rwanda bikunze gukoresha iyatanzwe n’ibitaro, idafite ba nyirayo.
Nko muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, UR, byibuze ku mwaka hakoreshwa imirambo 15 yifashishwa nk’imfashanyigisho ku banyeshuri bayo biga ubuvuzi.
Ni imirambo ikurwa mu bitaro bitandukanye byo mu gihugu bifitanye amasezerano na UR, aho iyo umuntu yapfuye umuryango we ntujye kumushyingura, ibitaro byandikira Urwego rw’Ubugenzacyaha, RIB, bikarumenyesha ko umurambo utanzwe ngo ukoreshwe mu kwigisha abanyeshuri.
Mu kiganiro na IGIHE, Umwarimu muri UR mu Ishami ry’Ubuvuzi akaba n’Umuganga mu Bitaro bya Kaminuza bya Butare, CHUB n’Inzobere mu bijyanye n’Imiterere y’Umubiri w’Umuntu (Anatomie), Dr Gashegu Kagabo Julien, yavuze ko kuri ubu bafitanye amasezerano n’ibitaro bitandukanye ariko bimwe muri byo byatangiye kubaha imirambo yo kwigiraho.
Yavuze ko ibitaro bibaha imirambo kuri ubu ari ibya Kabutare, CHUK, ibya CHUB, ibya Kibagabaga, ndetse n’ibya Masaka.
Si imirambo ibonetse yose
Nubwo imirambo yo kwigishirizwaho iba ikenewe cyane mu gukarishya ubumenyi bw’abanyeshuri, si yose ifatwa kuko uwo basanze ufite ibibazo nk’indwara zandura n’ibindi udakoreshwa mu kwirinda ibindi wateza.
Imwe mu mirambo idafatwa, irimo uw’umuntu ushobora kuba atakwifatira ibyemezo [Urugero: Umwana], uw’umuntu wishwe, cyangwa se undi uba utizewe neza bijyanye n’icyamwishe.
Dr Gashegu ati “Iyo uramutse ufite nka Virusi itera Sida ntabwo tuwufata. Hari indwara zandura tubanza kugenzura twasanga uwo murambo uzifite ntituwufate.”
Umurambo ushobora kumara igihe kinini ubungabunzwe bijyanye n’icyo wakoreshejwe kuko uba ufite ibice bitandukanye abanyeshuri baba bashaka kwiga.
Muri UR iyo uwo murambo bawakiriye bawutera imiti ituma udashobora gushanguka, nyuma ukajyanwa ahantu hakonje, ubundi ukajyanwa kwifashishwa mu mashuri.
Iyo wamaze kwigishirizwaho, barawushyingura, ntibibuze ko ibindi bice bikenewe bizafasha mu kwigisha nk’amagufa, umwijima n’ibindi bice bishobora gufatwa, bikabikwa mu buryo bitangirika bikazajya byifashishwa uko imyaka isimburana.
Kuri ubu UR hari umurambo umaze hafi imyaka 20 kandi ukiri wose utarangirika, Dr Gashegu, yemeza ko iyo umurambo watunganyijwe neza ushobora kumara igihe kirekire.
Ati “Ntabwo ari ibintu bisaba ikoranabuhanga rihambaye cyane kuko nk’aho nize mu Bubiligi hari imirambo yari imaze imyaka 200.”
Kugeza ubu UR ifite ubushobozi bwo kubona imirambo yo kwigisha abari mu cyiciro cyo kuba inzobere mu kintu runaka (specialization), ni ukuvuga abo mu cyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza kuzamura, cyane cyane ababaga kugira ngo bamenye ‘Anatomie’ ku buryo burenzeho.
Imirambo yo kwifashisha iracyari mike
Abanyeshuri bo mu Cyiciro cya Kabiri cya Kaminuza biga Ubuvuzi, na bo baba bakeneye imirambo yo kureberaho ariko bijyanye n’uko ibahagije itaboneka bigasabwa ko hifashishwa ubundi buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho bwunganira imirambo.
Ubusanzwe amategeko avuga ko byibuze umurambo umwe wagakwiriye kwigishirizwaho abanyeshuri bane, iyo ugeranyije wenda nk’abanyeshuri bari mu mwaka wa mbere muri UR, usanga hakenewe nibura imirambo 45 ku mwaka.
Dr Gashegu yavuze ko bitoroshye bijyanye n’uburyo umurambo ubonekamo, bikajyana n’ibindi bikorwa byo kuwutunganya kugira ngo utangire gukoreshwa.
Ati “Ubu twe ku mwaka ntitwarenza imirambo 15 gusa.”
Iyi ni yo mpamvu mu kubigisha hifashishwa imashini izwi nka ‘Anatomage’ na yo ifasha nk’imirambo, aho umunyeshuri aba ashobora kureba ibice by’umuntu byose ku ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bwa ‘3D’, gusa na yo ntibyoroshye kuyibona.
Iyi mashini ibarizwa muri UR no muri ‘University of Global Health Equity: UGHE’. Hanifashishwa izindi mashini zirimo izifashishwa mu gupima indwara zinyuranye z’imbere mu mubiri w’umuntu ya MRI na CT Scan mu gufotora ibice byose by’umurambo haba imbere n’inyuma, hanyuma ibyafashwe bigahuzwa mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga abanyeshuri bakiga.
Dr Gashegu ati “Biba bimeze nk’umurambo ku buryo ugenda ukuraho nk’uruhu, imitsi n’ibindi bice, warangiza nyuma ukayisubizaho. Aha uba ushobora kureba uko imitsi itemberamo amaraso, uko ubwonko bukora ku buryo twabonye ko ifasha abanyeshuri cyane.”
Kuri ubu UR iri mu bushakashatsi bugamije kureba niba Abanyarwanda basobanukirwa akamaro k’umurambo mu mashuri y’ubuvuzi, bo bashobora gutanga imibiri yabo cyangwa abavandimwe babo.
Ati “Abantu bagomba kumva ko atari byacitse, ahubwo bakabona ko umuntu ashobora kugira akamaro na nyuma yo gupfa, urebye bigira akamaro cyane kuko umunyeshuri wigiye ku murambo, najya kubaga azabikora neza.”
Yerekana ko nubwo imirambo bifashisha mu kwigisha akenshi ituruka mu bitaro bivuye ku bantu batagiye gutwara ababo, uko Isi itera imbere ibyo bibazo mu bihe bizaza bishobora kuzaba bitakiriho, ku buryo hari impungenge z’uko iyo mirambo itazongera kuboneka.
Ati “Niba hari igihe Abanyarwanda bazagera aho bakaba bafite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ababo, bigaragaza ko tugomba guhindura umuvuno tugateza imbere porogaramu zo gukangurira abantu kwitabira irage kugira ngo ikibazo cy’ibura ry’imirambo gikemuke.”
Yakomeje ati “Twe ntitwigisha abavuzi b’amatungo, ni ab’abantu. Nk’uko utakwemera umukanishi utabasha gutahura ikibazo imodoka ifite ni nako bitagakwiriye kugenda ku baganga, ibyo bisaba ko abantu batanga irage ry’imirambo yabo hanyuma igafasha abanyeshuri mu kwiga.”
Itegeko rigaragaza ko umuntu wifuza gutangaho irage umubiri, urugingo, ingirangingo, akaremangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri we kugira ngo bizakoreshwe mu buvuzi, yuzuza inyandiko yabugenewe itangwa n’ikigo gihabwa irage.
Icyakora, uwakoze irage ashobora kurihagarika igihe icyo ari cyo cyose mbere y’uko apfa.
